The Strait of Gibraltar separates Europe from Africa by only a few kilometres of water.

The longer version

A narrow strait connects two large bodies of water while separating two landmasses. Here the gap is only a few kilometres wide, close enough that the two shores are visible from each other. Ferry crossings are common, though strong currents make the passage difficult. The channel also sits on a major migration route for birds.

Water flows through in layers, with lighter surface water moving in from the Atlantic and denser salty water flowing out beneath. The narrows form a barrier to movement for many land animals, so plants and animals differ on either side. Shipping lanes through it are among the busiest anywhere.

Where this entry sits

These facts wander across maps, borders, deserts, rivers, mountains, and the extreme corners of the natural world. Each one is short and self-contained, offering a small surprise about places you may never visit rather than anything you actually need. The full list sits on the Geography page, where every entry is listed in order.